You are the duty anaesthetist at a busy tertiary hospital. Your provisional fellow calls you for urgent assistance with an airway emergency.
They have performed a rapid sequence induction and attempted to intubate a 22-year-old man for a Per-Oral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) procedure for type 2 achalasia in the main theatres.
Intubation was attempted with a videolaryngoscope and hyperangulated blade. The percentage of glottic opening visible was 10% and they were unable to pass the endotracheal tube or a gum elastic bougie. They were then unable to bag-mask ventilate the patient but successfully placed a second generation supraglottic airway. Ventilation has been restored, and green tinged fluid has been noted in the gastric port.
Current observations are:
HR 95 bpm
BP 97/56 mmHg
SpO2 90% on FiO2 1.0
ETCO2 41 mmHg (5.47 kPa)
TV 400 mL with a small air leak
Weight 169 kg
Height 199 cm
BMI 42 kg/m2
Past Medical History
Type 2 achalasia
Class III obesity
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Mild developmental delay
Severe anxiety
Medication
Lisdexamfetamine 70 mg once daily
Melatonin 4 mg nocte
Diazepam 10 mg was given orally preoperatively
Allergies
Nil known
Sections covered in this viva
Section 1 – Management of a failed intubation in an obese patient with a high aspiration riskSection 2 – Recognition and management of intraoperative hypercapnia, subcutaneous emphysema, and capnomediastinumSection 3 – Extubation planning and postoperative management of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum